This finding was not expected but is consistent with the predictions of Alexander, who in 1953 ( 1) suggested that there should be negative reflection from that region because the combined cross-sectional areas of the “daughter vessels” (i.e., the celiac, superior mesenteric, and two renal arteries and the continuing abdominal aorta) is substantially greater (~1.7 times) than the area of the “mother vessel: (i.e., the thoracic aorta at the diaphragm). They also demonstrated that the FCW is partially reflected negatively from the upper abdominal aorta as a pressure-decreasing, backward-going, decompression wave (BDW), which arrives during systolic ejection ( 8). As expected, the FCW propagates to the femoral circulation where it is partially reflected positively as a backward-going compression wave (BCW) that, in the anesthetized dog, reaches the aortic valve just after it closes ( 8). ( 8) demonstrated how the pressure-increasing, forward-going, compression wave (FCW) that the LV generates to accelerate the stroke volume is propagated and reflected. By using the reservoir-wave approach ( 5, 7), Wang et al.
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